Which type of precautions should be implemented for a patient with tuberculosis (TB)?

Which patient is at the highest risk for developing a healthcare-associated infection?

How should a nurse properly dispose of a used needle?

A nurse is caring for a patient on contact precautions. What PPE is required before entering the room?

According to the CDC, what is the correct sequence for donning (putting on) personal protective equipment (PPE)?

When should a nurse perform hand hygiene?

What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection in healthcare settings?

You are caring for a 56-year-old patient with a history of hypertension who was admitted
for an acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to dehydration. When evaluating the morning
lab results, which of the following would be most indicative of an AKI:

You are the nurse caring for a patient with a history of newly diagnosed end stage renal
disease (ESRD). The patient is complaining about pruritis and is asking why this is
happening. The nurse understands that:

The nurse is caring for a patient who takes Lisinopril for hypertension. The nurse knows
to monitor for what electrolyte disturbance while the patient is taking this medication:

The nurse is caring for a patient who was found to have an acute kidney injury (AKI) on
admission. The patient normally takes lisinopril at home for high blood pressure,
however the medication has been held by the provider. The patient asks the nurse why
the medication has been held. As the nurse, you understand the reason for this is:

You are the nurse caring for a patient recently admitted to the intensive care unit for
septic shock requiring vasopressors. The patients current weight is 100kg and their urine
output has been 40mL/hr for the last three hours. What statement is true about this urine
output:

You are the nurse caring for a patient newly admitted to the intensive care unit who is
being treated for septic shock and requiring vasopressors. During rounds, the provider
tells you to let them know if the patient begins experiencing decreased urine output. As
the nurse, you know that the minimum normal urine output is:

You are the nurse caring for a patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving
dialysis. The patient has a fistula on their right arm for dialysis access. As the nurse, you
know which of the following interventions is contraindicated on the right arm, select all
that apply:

You are caring for a patient who was found to have an acute kidney injury (AKI) on
admission. The patient asks, “How will you know if my kidneys are getting better?” As
the nurse, you know which of the following is the most accurate lab for monitoring renal
function:

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease stage 3 who is to receive
iodinated contrast for a computed-tomography (CT) scan tomorrow. In preparation for
this, the provider puts in a communication to avoid nephrotoxic medications 24 hours
prior to the scan. The nurse understands that which of the following medications is safe
to give to this patient:

You are caring for a patient recently admitted for nephrolithiasis. The patient asks why
he is receiving all of this intravenous (IV) fluid. Which of the following is the best
response from the nurse.

You are assessing a patient with a newly created arteriovenous (AV) fistula. As the
nurse, you know which of the following assessment findings is normal for a functioning
fistula.

Your patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is prescribed PhosLo, a phosphate
binder medication. Which of the following statements from the patient shows an
understanding of how to properly take the medication.

You are caring for a patient who receives peritoneal dialysis for their end-stage renal
disease (ESRD). The nurse understands that what finding would prompt evaluation by
the provider.

You are caring for a patient with newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who
is getting ready for discharge. What statement by the patient indicates the need for
further teaching by the nurse?

You are caring for a 37-year-old patient with history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The patient is prescribed lisinopril for management of
hypertension. The nurse knows that this class of medications provides what other benefit
for this patient given their comorbidities?

The nurse is caring for a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis.
The patient states they have not been to dialysis in over a week due to not feeling well.
The nurse knows that which of the following can result from missed dialysis
appointments in these patients. Select all that apply:

The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The
patient is prescribed Erythropoietin, an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent. The nurse
knows that the expected therapeutic response from this medication is:

You are taking care of a patient diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. What is the
hallmark characteristic of this condition?

A nurse is educating a patient about vaccines. Which statement indicates correct understanding?

Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs)?

A client develops symptoms of food poisoning after eating undercooked chicken. Which pathogen is most likely responsible?

A nurse is caring for a client with an infection caused by gram-negative bacteria. What characteristic of gram-negative organisms contributes to their resistance to antibiotics?

A client is placed on contact precautions for Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which nursing action is appropriate?

A client asks why they need a tuberculosis (TB) skin test. What is the best response by the nurse?

A nurse is teaching a client with a urinary tract infection (UTI) about the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics. What is the primary reason for this instruction?

A nurse is caring for a client with a spinal cord injury at the level of C4. Which of the following assessments is the priority?

A nurse is explaining the role of ATP to a student. Which of the following best describes its function?

A client is experiencing bradycardia. Which part of the heart is most likely affected?

Which feedback mechanism controls most hormone regulation in the body?

The nurse knows that calcium is essential for which physiological process?

A client has damage to the autonomic nervous system. What should the nurse assess first?

A client has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which body system is the nurse most concerned about?

A nurse is assessing a client with damage to the parietal lobe of the brain. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in which part of the lungs?

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels?

The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of

Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating heart rate and respiratory rhythm?

What type of tissue lines the respiratory tract and helps move mucus?

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Which of the following is the functional unit of the kidney?

pH: 7.30, PCO2: 57, HCO3: 25

pH: 7.49, PCO2: 33, HCO3: 24

pH: 7.31, PCO2: 37, HCO3: 19

pH: 7.45, PCO2: 33, HCO3: 20

pH: 7.27, PCO2: 28, HCO3: 15

pH: 7.32, PCO2: 36, HCO3: 16

pH: 7.47, PCO2: 43, HCO3: 27

pH: 7.33, PCO2: 58, HCO3: 25

pH: 7.32, PCO2: 55, HCO3: 24

pH: 7.48, PCO2: 43, HCO3: 29

pH: 7.30, PCO2: 35, HCO3: 18

pH: 7.12, PCO2: 15, HCO3: 4

pH: 7.5, PCO2: 15, HCO3: 26

pH: 7.37, PCO2: 27, HCO3: 20

pH: 7.21, PCO2: 50, HCO3: 24